![]() An advanced form of a perpetual motion machine is a device with an output energy more than the input, known as an electron pump. Essentially, even in an "ideal" machine with 100% efficiency, it is only possible to get enough power out to power the machine itself and no more. Such a device has never been built since the concept violates the laws of thermodynamics. Although a factor it remains, and again the problem of erosion and collapse can be more wholely identified as the tendency towards entropy as time progresses.“ ” Oh ye seekers after perpetual motion, how many vain chimeras have you pursued? Go and take your place with the alchemists.Ī perpetual motion or over-unity device is a device that, barring mechanical breakdown, is capable of running for an arbitrarily long period of time with no outside intervention or energy input. ![]() But friction is only a very, very long-timeframe factor there. It may not take anything near the gravitational scale of a black hole to allow Earth-lubbers observing from home to witness a machine operating at basically the same level of functionality for longer than any human lifespan, and so in pragmatic terms, "forever".Īnother question for the question worth exploring: Does a machine have to have moving parts (or the electronic equivalent) in order to be deemed a machine or in order to be deemed in operation? I have heard Stonehenge described (in line with certain theories of its purpose and function) as an astronomical computer. ![]() But orbiting satellites and International Space Station long-stays both involve significant enough deviance from our standard Earth's Crust Gravity that computed times have to be corrected after being determined properly, and empirical human experience can began to perceive the different rate of the passage of time in orbit vs on Earth. What if a cheaply hacked together RunsALongTime9000 device was activated in the neighbourhood of a black hole or other gravitational anomaly? The seemingly obliterative punchline of a black hole complicates this, as does our difficulty in mapping out the play-by-play experience of being rended in one of these freaky space-blenders. not by perfecting the machine, but by situating it in circumstances different enough that "the machine's perception of time" and/or our perception of its relationship to time could be manipulated or distorted to meet the letter of the request, if a bit disingenuously. I began to wonder if it might be possible to find a theoretical opportunity for a machine to be run for a timespan that is approaching/functionally equivalent to infinite. That being said, these issues are all elements of the material space side of the whole spacetime situation. Pretending that there isn't a flawgic gap there, another broader version of the same one-word answer is "entropy." "Friction" is the simplest one-word answer, though you seem eager to simply discard it from your math without addressing how this would ever be done in reality. As the range of gravity is essentially infinite, it is impossible to completely isolate the machine from gravity and gravitational forces (Newtonian gravity). Not quite sure what you mean by "would gravity matter". Even space is not completely free of particles.Īlso, would gravity matter if friction wasn't in the equation? This requires the complete elimination of any and all forms of friction, which is not possible, even when operating in a vacuum (which in practice is never perfect). It is based on the idea that motion, once started, can continue forever. What you are describing is sometimes call a perpetual motion machine of the third kind. Would it be possible to create one if (for example) there was a wheel,Īnd it had a push– if it was frictionless, and in a vacuum, would it This machine violates the second law of thermodynamics. There is also a perpetual motion machine of the second type, which is a machine that can operate in a cycle exchanging heat with only one temperature reservoir completely converting 100% of the heat into work. That's one of the reasons, and it applies to a perpetual motion machine of the first kind, a machine that can produce work without any energy input in violation of the first law (conservation of energy). Is the reason we don't have any perpetual motion machines because of
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